According to the purpose of DNA amplification and detection standards, PCR machine can be divided into ordinary PCR machine, gradient PCR machine, in-situ PCR machine, and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR machine. It is mainly used in inspection, quarantine, clinical medical testing, biomedical research and development, food industry, scientific research institutions, etc.

The uniformity of the 96-well PCR machine is an important indicator of the PCR machine, and it is also a matter of great concern to the experimenters. The factors that cause the uneven temperature of each hole are roughly as follows:

1. The unevenness of the refrigeration semiconductor chip

2. The number of temperature control points

3. The edge effects and mitigation method

4. The heat dissipation uniformity of the radiator

5. The material and shape of the module

6. The heating and cooling rate

In short, in addition to the six factors mentioned above, there are other influencing factors, such as the temperature drift of the sensor, the aging of the temperature processing circuit, and the uneven dust of the radiator. Some factors can be mitigated or eliminated by regular calibration and maintenance of the thermal cycler pcr.